Why is graphite important for the production of solar cells?

For the production of multicrystalline and monocrystalline silicon, the most important raw material in the production of solar cells in the photovoltaic industry, we are developing essential components based on specialty graphite for the highly sensitive process of crystal growth.

Why do graphene based solar cells have a low photovoltaic performance?

Graphene based solar cells contain various defects on corresponding interfaces that affect their performance and stability. Un-passivated solar cells always lead to low photovoltaic performance because of an increase in surface carrier recombination (Czerniak-Reczulska et al. 2015).

Are scaly graphite electrodes better for photovoltaic performance?

C–PSCs with electrodes made from scaly and artificial graphites has proven to have better charge transport properties, resulting in enhanced photovoltaic performance, where the champion cell with a scaly graphite reached a PCE of 14.6%.

Is graphene a photovoltaic material?

In the past two decades graphene has been merged with the concept of photovoltaic (PV) material and exhibited a significant role as a transparent electrode, hole/electron transport material and interfacial buffer layer in solar cell devices.

Why is graphene used in solar cells?

Graphene is a well-known two-dimensional material that is broadly used for the manufacturing of solar cells due to its high a lucidity and conductivity and its utilization as electrodes in solar cells. It can be used as anode and cathode due to its ambipolar electrical transport.

Can graphene encapsulation improve photovoltaic performance?

Graphene-based materials are also capable of functioning as charge selective and transport components in solar cell buffer layers. Moreover, low air stability and atmospheric degradation of the photovoltaic devices can be improved with graphene encapsulation due to its stable highly packed 2D structure.